Robotic Low Relief — carved ceramic tiles

Robotic
Low Relief

Subtitle Grasshopper Parametric Surface Design to Robotic Toolpath Control — Ceramic Tile Carving
Category Digital Material Systems: Ceramics · GSD SCI 6317
Year Spring 2026
Author Max Zhaoyi Wang
Tools Grasshopper · Rhino · Robots Plugin · KUKA Arm · Ceramic Clay

This project translates parametric geometry into physical surface relief through robotic fabrication. A low-relief topography is designed in Grasshopper using image-sampled height fields, then converted into robot-readable toolpaths via the Robots plugin for KUKA arm control. The output is a set of four ceramic clay tiles carved with a continuous striated landscape — a direct transcription from digital surface to material texture.

The workflow navigates the full design-to-fabrication pipeline: parametric form generation, toolpath simulation and collision checking, corner approach logic, and physical carving on unfired clay slabs in the GSD Robotics Lab.

Robotic Fabrication Grasshopper Toolpath Generation KUKA Arm Ceramic Clay Parametric Design Digital-to-Physical Harvard GSD

Grasshopper Simulation

Robotic Carving

Grasshopper definition — surface to toolpath

Grasshopper parametric definition — image-sampled height field to KUKA robot toolpath via Robots plugin

Before Glazing — four carved ceramic tiles

Four ceramic clay tiles — carved low-relief surface before glaze firing

After Glazing — Coming Soon

Glaze firing in progress

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